In my previous posts regarding the requirements for Dan Promotion in 1962 I covered the forms required for 1st to 3rd Dan. This post contiues from part two. As such we are now going to step into the Taekwondo Time machine and see what forms were required for Dan promotion for 4th Dan in 1962. Here is a video from Youtube (please leave a comment if the link dies) with early Korean Taekwondo students doing Heian/Pinan/Pyungahn 2 (the last half at least) and whole number 5. Enjoy
This is was one of the toughest posts I have done from I started this blog until now, as most forms for 4th and 5th Dan were strange obscure forms that I had never heard of before. The source of this list is "A modern history of Taekwondo" by Kang & Lee but they did not dvelve on each form, they just list them. Wanting a more indepth backgound on them I started researching, and the first post was rather simple, the second was more difficult and this one is challenging. But for those interested I share what I have found below:
The students had to chose two patterns from the list below and perform them for their 4th Dan test:
- Chulgi 3 Hyung
- Naebojin 3 Hyung
- Kima 3 Hyung
- Ja Un Hyung
- Am Hak Hyung
- Sam il Hyung
- Jang Kwon Hyung
- Jin Soo Hyung
Below are video examples for all the forms they required for 4th dan in early Taekwondo. Where possible I have used Shotokan Kata as a video example as most of the founders of the different Kwan had a Shotokan base. As such the forms they used in early Taekwondo was usually extremely close to their Shotokan counterparts. Youtube links have a tendency to die out eventually so I hope the readers could leave a comment if there are any "dead" videolinks here so I can keep them current. Thank you:-)
Chulgi/Naebojin/Kima are three different names for one form. In Japanese and Okinawan martial arts they are known as Naihanchi/Naifanchi/Tekki. I believe that the Korean names are direct translations from the Japanese language into Korean. For 4th Dan the students had to perform the third and last form in the series. The first was either a Chinese pattern long ago, and imported by Sokon Matsumura, or maybe it was invented by him. The sources varies greatly. The last two in the series was made by Anko Itosu somewere in the beginning of the 1900s to compliment the original one.
Chulgi/Naebojin/Kima are three different names for one form. In Japanese and Okinawan martial arts they are known as Naihanchi/Naifanchi/Tekki. I believe that the Korean names are direct translations from the Japanese language into Korean. For 4th Dan the students had to perform the third and last form in the series. The first was either a Chinese pattern long ago, and imported by Sokon Matsumura, or maybe it was invented by him. The sources varies greatly. The last two in the series was made by Anko Itosu somewere in the beginning of the 1900s to compliment the original one.
Chulgi/Naebojin/Kima (This is Tekki, Shotokan version)
Ja Un Hyung is the Korean name for Jion Kata in shotokan. There is not much background available on this Kata except it is a so called Tomari Te Karate form and it is one of three in the series (The other being Jitte and Jutte).
Ja Un Hyung (Jion Kata in Shotokan)
Am Hak Hyung is another Korean name for Rohai. There are several versions of this Kata in Karate so it stands to reason that there should be different versions in early Taekwondo as well. The different Kwan having different roots. Allthough Shotokan is the most prevalent there were also Shito Ryu and Shudokan roots as well. For video example see the previous parts of this series. I have included both Shotokans version, Kang Duk Won version (Korean) and Shito Ryu`s version of the form under "No Pae Hyung".
Jin Dong Hyung I did not find, but I think there is a strong case of it being Jin Do Hyung or Chinto in JMA. Chinto is said to be a shipwreked sailors name. When he was shipwreked he started stealing food and taking refuge in a cave on Okinawa. This did not sit well with the locals and they got the king of Okinawa to order Sokon Matsumura to arrest the sailor. Matsumura did not loose a fight very often (it is not known if he ever did loose) but he did not defeat Chinto. Rather they fought to a draw, and Matsumura agreed to feed and house Chinto in exchange for learning his fighting style. After Chinto left Matsumura he created Chinto Kata to preserve Chinto`s teachings. Funakoshi renamed the form to "Gankaku Kata" meaning "Crane on a rock".
Chinto/Jin Do(ng?)/Gankaku
Sam il Hyung is still practised in ITF and Chang Hon derived schools.
Sam il Hyung/Tul
Jang Kwon is a Kwon Bup form. It translates into "long fist". A 2 man form called Jang Kwon is currently practised in Chayon Ryu wich is Kim Soo`s art/teaching system. Kim Soo came from Kang Duk Won and that school was known to use some of the Chinese Kwon Bup forms in their training.
Jang Kwon demonstrated by Kim Soo.
Jin Soo is Chinte (not Chinto) in JMA. Chinte is translated as unusual hands and the pattern has a lot of seemingly strange movements. I think the video example below would say it the best:-)
This is the Korean version Jin Soo
This is Shotokan`s Chinte
And that was all the forms plus video footage and a short summary of them all:-) I hope you enjoy this as much as I am:-D
All the best
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